If you have multiple loans, your bank statement shows several EMI debits each month. The descriptions use different formats depending on the payment method.
NACH debits (most common)
Most EMIs in India go out via NACH (National Automated Clearing House). These appear as "NACH DR-[LENDER NAME]-[loan reference]" in your statement. The lender name is usually abbreviated. "HDFC LTD" might be a home loan from HDFC. "BAJAJ AUTO" is likely a vehicle loan from Bajaj Finance. Check the amount against your loan documents if unsure.
ECS debits (older loans)
Older loans may use ECS (Electronic Clearing Service). These appear as "ECS-[lender code]". ECS is being phased out in favor of NACH, so if you have an ECS debit, the lender may eventually ask you to register a NACH mandate.
Standing instructions
Some EMIs, especially for loans from your own bank, go out via standing instruction. These show as "SI-[loan account number]" or "SI DEBIT [description]". The description often includes the last few digits of the loan account.
Checking if your EMI includes principal and interest
Your bank statement shows only the total EMI amount debited. To see the principal and interest split, log into your lender's customer portal or request a repayment schedule. Most lenders provide online access to your amortization schedule showing how much of each EMI goes to interest versus principal.
Related reading: Bank Statement for Personal Loan Applications, Bank Statement for Home Loan, How to Reconcile Your Bank Statement.